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West Baden Springs Hotel
The West Baden Springs Hotel is a historic landmark hotel in the town of West Baden Springs in Orange County, Indiana, United States, known for its vast domed atrium. It is currently part of the French Lick Resort. Prior to the completion of the Coliseum in Charlotte, North Carolina, in 1955, the building had the largest free-spanning dome in the United States and was the largest in the world from 1902 to 1913. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1974, became a National Historic Landmark in 1987,〔 and (''Accompanying four photos, exterior and interior, from 1973'' )〕 and is a Historic Civil Engineering Landmark. The West Baden Springs Hotel is recognized as one of the (Historic Hotels of America ) by the National Trust of Historic Preservation.〔http://www.historichotels.org/hotels-resorts/west-baden-springs-hotel/〕
==Early history==
George Rogers Clark is credited with discovering the salt licks and mineral springs in 1778.〔 The evidence of salt deposits enticed the government to plan on mining large quantities of salt for the demands of meat preservation to be used by the early pioneers. It was then determined the saline content was not sufficient to support the large scale extraction of salt and the property was offered for sale. Dr. William Bowles purchased the large tract of land where the French Lick Springs Resort now sits and built a small inn on the site. In 1832, the first French Lick Springs Hotel was constructed and the area became popular as a mineral springs resort. During the outbreak of the Mexican–American War, Dr. Bowles served as a commissioned officer in the US Army. Before leaving, Dr. Bowles signed a five-year lease with Dr. John Lane, who agreed to enlarge and improve the facility. Through the deal Dr. Bowles would enjoy an improved facility with the potential for increased business at the lease's end. Dr. Lane would get back his initial investment as well as improved trade. However, the war lasted less than two years, and Dr. Bowles returned early.
The land Bowles bought from the government included the mineral springs one mile (1.6 km) north of French Lick, known as Mile Lick. Much of the property surrounding the springs at Mile Lick was marshy, subject to yearly flooding, and unsuitable to farming. Lane envisioned a business surpassing that of French Lick, and in 1851, he purchased from Bowles. Lane assembled a sawmill, then erected a bridge to traverse Lick Creek. He then built a fine hotel, larger than the French Lick Springs Hotel, and the competition began.〔("Mineral Springs and Health Resorts" ) History of Orange County, Indiana〕〔Rhodes, A. J.: ("The Pedigree of West Baden" ) French Lick and West Baden History and Story, 1904〕
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